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The Political Economy of Automotive Industrialization in East Asia

Date: 
15/10/2021
Doner, Richard F., Goodrich C. White Professor Emeritus, Emory University
Noble, Gregory W., University of Tokyo
Ravenhill, John, University of Waterloo
Emission / Séminaire / Colloque: 

Gerpisa monthly seminar

Richard F. Doner, Gregory W. Noble and John Ravenhill, will draw on their recently published book – The Political Economy of Automotive Industrialization in East Asia (Oxford University Press, 2021 https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-political-economy-of-automot...) lire la suite

Strategies to accelerate the diffusion of e-mobility in Brazil: experiences and efforts based on electric energy companies

The Inovar-Auto program in Brazil, its objectives and the automakers adhesion

Vargas, T. B., & Pinto G. A. (2020).  The Inovar-Auto program in Brazil, its objectives and the automakers adhesion. Gerpisa colloquium.

THE INOVAR-AUTO PROGRAM IN BRAZIL, ITS OBJECTIVES AND THE AUTOMAKERS ADHESION

Tiago Bernardino Vargas and Geraldo Augusto Pinto

Abstract: The tax incentive policy for the Brazilian automotive sector Inovar-Auto was in effect from 2012-2017. Despite its legislative complexity, the program served, additionally to the explicit objectives, a common interest of the national automotive chain actors: the protection of the internal market in the face of imports. During the program development, other aspects interfered with its effectiveness, such as the difficulty of traceability, the questioning of WTO, and Brazil's economic and political crisis during this period. This study qualitatively analyzes the objectives of Inovar-Auto and the adhesion of the automotive industry; based on documents, secondary data, and interviews with actors from from organizations that participated in the elaboration and execution of the program. It is concluded that the program has achieved, in addition to its explicit objectives.

Keywords: Inovar-Auto; Automotive Public Incentives; Automakers.

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Video

FCA 2019 Results: making short-termism attractive

Handsome is not enough
FCA's results are nothing new: North America and the two flagship brands, RAM and Jeep, are doing well.
The rest is just about surviving and is tending to deteriorate without any serious attempt to stop this. Everything has been going on since 2014 as if the roadmap were that of keeping the cash machine running in the United States and waiting for the future ally to either clean up the mess, or reinvest or offer solutions to revive brands and business in the regions that have been neglected.
 
The case of Europe is emblematic in this respect. A.-G. Verdevoye sums up the situation well in the French weekly newspaper Challenges:
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Renault-PSA : l’un est intercontinentalisé, l’autre pas

Renault dans le rouge en France. Mais ailleurs?

Les résultats commerciaux des deux français ont été publiés la semaine dernière et, derrière l’homologie de façade que représentent la proximité des volumes (3,75 millions pour Renault et 3,48 millions pour PSA) et leurs baisses (- 3,4% pour Renault et -10% pour PSA), les chiffres viennent souligner les profondes différences des deux constructeurs. lire la suite

Renault-PSA: one is intercontinental, the other is not.

Renault dans le rouge en France. Mais ailleurs?

The commercial results of the two French carmakers were published last week and, behind the facade homology represented by the similarity of volumes (3.75 million for Renault and 3.48 million for PSA) and their decline (-3.4% for Renault and -10% for PSA), the figures underline the significant differences between the two manufacturers.
 
Thus, seen from France, one would get the impression that PSA is outperforming Renault. In most segments except B, Renault products are barely outperforming Peugeot products and the latter obviously give PSA a "pricing power" that Renault is struggling to conquer. The financial results corresponding to the commercial results published last week are likely to confirm this in February.
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PSA-FCA: Sergio's ghost is hovering over the deal

Some in the industry need a haircut

As the exact terms of the deal being negotiated and the reactions of the markets become clearer, the scope of this 50-50 appears a bit different from "parity". Indeed, the financial community is calculating, on the basis of the respective valuations of the two groups before the announcement of the project and the operations that will be carried out before the deal, that we would rather be at 60-40 for the benefit of PSA, and that PSA therefore is agrees for the deal to be made at a significant sacrifice. lire la suite

PSA-FCA : l'ombre de Sergio plane sur l'opération

Some in the industry need a haircut
A mesure que se précisent les termes exacts du deal en cours de négociation et les réactions des marchés, les contours de ce 50-50 paraissent un peu moins "paritaires". En effet, les financiers calculent sur la base des valorisations respectives des deux groupes avant l’annonce du projet et des opérations qui vont être conduites avant le deal que l’on serait plutôt à 60-40 au profit de PSA et que PSA consent donc pour que le deal se fasse à un important sacrifice.
En effet, à la clôture de mercredi soir, la capitalisation de PSA s'élevait à 23,19 milliards d'euros quand celle de FCA s'établissait à 18,22 milliards d'euros. On a appris que, avant la réalisation de l’opération, FCA distribuerait à ses actionnaires un dividende exceptionnel de 5,5 milliards d’euros, ainsi que sa participation dans Comau estimée à 250 millions d'euros.
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How Brazilian international competitiveness changed after the Inovar-Auto policy: comparison of the international competitiveness of auto-parts in Brazil with other countries

Renault face aux instabilités des marchés et des taux de change ou les aléas de l’intercontinentalisation

Marché émergent pour amateurs de sensations fortes
 
Renault a annoncé le 22 octobre un chiffre d’affaires trimestriel global en recul de 6% (de 12,2 à 11,5 milliards d’euros) avec une légère augmentation du côté du financement (+ 190 millions) qui ne parvient pas à compenser les 917 millions perdus du côté des ventes d’automobiles. Ces 917 millions de baisse (- 8,4%) sont associés à une légère augmentation (2,9%) du nombre de véhicules vendus si l’on intègre les utilitaires chinois Jinbei & Huasong comme Renault le fait désormais et à une légère baisse (- 1,7%) si l’on s’en tient au périmètre qui était celui de 2017. Comme la traditionnelle "analyse de la variance" proposée aux analystes le montre, les trois variables explicatives qui ont pesé les plus lourd sont, par ordre d’importance croissante, les volumes perdus, la baisse des ventes aux partenaires et surtout les variations de taux de change. Ces dernières ont fait perdre au groupe 444 millions soit 48,4% des 917 millions.
 
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