Technological transformations, systemic transformations

Demands for sustainable development in the automobile industry have led to technological innovation that is largely based on new engines and/or on the reduction of emissions linked to traditional engines. Both upstream and downstream in the value chain, new actors are emerging alongside the traditional manufacturers, suppliers and dealerships to participate, along with public policy makers, in the emergence of the "new automobile ecosystem". Both the technological and the organizational and commercial innovations require further research if we are to understand the characteristics of the new systems and evaluate the extent to which it is similar or different to previous systems that structured the automobile industry.